Mohamed A; Nandyala S; Ho A; Manns F; Parel JMA; Augusteyn RC, 2021, 'Relationship of the cornea and globe dimensions to the changes in adult human crystalline lens diameter, thickness and power with age',
Experimental Eye Research, vol. 209, pp. 108653,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exer.2021.1086532021
Han H; Yeom YS; Nguyen TT; Choi C; Shin B; Moon S; Ha S; Son G; Augusteyn R; Kim CH, 2021, 'Development of detailed pediatric eye models for lens dose calculations',
Journal of Radiological Protection, vol. 41, pp. 305 - 325,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6498/abfa322021
Mohamed A; Nandyala S; Martinez-Enriquez E; Heilman BM; Augusteyn RC; de Castro A; Ruggeri M; Parel JMA; Marcos S; Manns F, 2021, 'Isolated human crystalline lens three-dimensional shape: A comparison between Indian and European populations',
Experimental Eye Research, vol. 205,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exer.2021.1084812021
Mohamed A; Durkee HA; Williams S; Manns F; Ho A; Parel JMA; Augusteyn RC, 2021, 'Morphometric analysis of in vitro human crystalline lenses using digital shadow photogrammetry',
Experimental Eye Research, vol. 202, pp. 108334,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exer.2020.1083342021
Mohamed A; Augusteyn RC, 2018, 'Human lens weights with increasing age', Molecular Vision, vol. 24, pp. 867 - 874
2018
Augusteyn RC, 2018, 'On the contribution of the nucleus and cortex to human lens shape and size',
Clinical and Experimental Optometry, vol. 101, pp. 64 - 68,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cxo.125392018
Mohamed A; Ali MJ; Parel JMA; Augusteyn RC; Sangwan VS, 2017, 'In vitro biometry of a human spherophakia',
Clinical and Experimental Optometry, vol. 100, pp. 189 - 191,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cxo.124392017
Augusteyn RC; Heilman BM; Ho A; Parel JM, 2016, 'Nonhuman primate ocular biometry',
Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, vol. 57, pp. 105 - 114,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.15-181692016
Marussich L; Manns F; Nankivil D; Heilman BM; Yao Y; Arrieta-Quintero E; Ho A; Augusteyn R; Parel JM, 2015, 'Measurement of crystalline lens volume during accommodation in a lens stretcher',
Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, vol. 56, pp. 4239 - 4248,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.15-170502015
Augusteyn RC, 2014, 'Growth of the eye lens; I. Weight accumulation in multiple species.', Molecular Vision, vol. 20, pp. 410 - 426
2014
Palsamy P; Bidasee KR; Ayaki M; Augusteyn RC; Chan JY; Shinohara T, 2014, 'Methylglyoxal induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and DNA demethylation in the Keap1 promoter of human lens epithelial cells and age-related cataracts',
Free Radical Biology and Medicine, vol. 72, pp. 134 - 148,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.04.0102014
Augusteyn RC; Mohamed A; Parel JM, 2013, 'Lens thickness growth in humans',
Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology, vol. 41, pp. 616 - 617,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ceo.120592013
Mohamed A; Sangwan VS; Augusteyn RC, 2012, 'Growth of the human lens in the Indian adult population: Preliminary observations',
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 60, pp. 511 - 515,
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0301-4738.1037752012
Maceo B; Manns F; Borja D; Nankivil D; Uhlhorn S; Arrieta E; Ho A; Augusteyn RC; Parel J-M, 2011, 'Contribution of the crystalline lens gradient refractive index to the accommodation amplitude in non-human primates: in vitro studies',
Journal of Vision, vol. 11, pp. 23,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/11.13.232011
Augusteyn RC; Mohamed A; Nankivil D; Pesala V; Arrieta E; Taneja M; Manns F; Parel J-M; Ho A, 2011, 'Age-dependence of the optomechanical responses of ex vivo human lenses from India and the USA, and the force required to produce these in a lens stretcher: The similarity to in vivo disaccommodation',
Vision Research, vol. 51, pp. 1667 - 1678,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2011.05.0092011
Augusteyn RC, 2011, 'Lens growth and protein changes in the eastern grey kangaroo', Molecular Vision, vol. 17, pp. 3234 - 3242
2011
Urs R; Manns F; Ho A; Borja D; Amelinckx A; Smith J; Jain R; Augusteyn RC; Parel J, 2009, 'Shape of the isolated ex-vivo human crystalline lens',
Vision Research, vol. 49, pp. 74 - 83,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2008.09.0282009
Ghahghaei A; Rekas A; Carver JA; Augusteyn RC, 2009, 'Structure/function studies of dogfish alpha-crystallin, comparison with bovine alpha-crystallin.', Molecular vision, vol. 15, pp. 2411 - 2420
2009
Augusteyn RC; Jones C; Pope J, 2008, 'Age-related development of a refractive index plateau in the human lens: evidence for a distinct nucleus.',
Clinical and Experimental Optometry, vol. 91, pp. 296 - 301,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1444-0938.2007.00244.x2008
Borja D; Manns F; Ho A; Ziebarth N; Rosen A; Jain R; Amelinckx A; Arrieta E; Augusteyn RC; Parel J, 2008, 'Optical power of the isolated human crystalline lens',
Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, vol. 49, pp. 2541 - 2548,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.07-13852008
Augusteyn RC; Vrensen G; Willekens B, 2008, 'The effect of paraformaldehyde fixation and PBS storage on the water content of the human lens', Molecular Vision, vol. 14, pp. 90 - 94
2008
Augusteyn RC, 2007, 'On the relationship between rabbit age and lens dry weight: improved determination of the age of rabbits in the wild', Molecular Vision, vol. 13, pp. 2030 - 2034
2007
Augusteyn RC, 2007, 'Growth of the human eye lens.', Molecular Vision, vol. 13, pp. 252 - 257
2007
Augusteyn RC; Rosen A; Borja D; Ziebarth N; Parel J, 2006, 'Biometry of primate lenses during immersion in preservation media', Molecular Vision, vol. 12, pp. 740 - 747
2006
Augusteyn RC; Cake MA, 2005, 'Post-mortem water uptake by sheep lenses left in situ', Molecular Vision, vol. 11, pp. 749 - 751
2005
Jobling AI; Ryan J; Augusteyn RC, 2003, 'The frequency of the canine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (CLAD) allele within the Irish Setter population of Australia',
Australian Veterinary Journal, vol. 81, pp. 763 - 765,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.2003.tb14610.x2003
Augusteyn RC; Coulson GM; Landman KA, 2003, 'Determining kangaroo age from lens protein content',
Australian Journal of Zoology, vol. 51, pp. 485 - 494,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ZO020152003
Jobling A; Stevens A; Augusteyn RC, 2001, 'Binding of dexamethasone by a-crystallin', Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, vol. 42, pp. 1829 - 1832
2001
Garner LF; Smith G; Yao S; Augusteyn RC, 2001, 'Gradient refractive index of the crystalline lens of the Black Oreo Dory (Allocyttus Niger): Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and laser ray-trace methods',
Vision Research, vol. 41, pp. 973 - 979,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0042-6989(01)00011-62001
Augusteyn RC; Jagger WS; Hughes AA, 2000, 'Comparative lens growth and its underlying mechanisms',
Biochemical Society Transactions, vol. 28, pp. A385 - A385,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst028a385c2000
Cole BL; Mitchell DE; Pettigrew JD; Hughes AA; Augusteyn RC, 1999, 'Twenty-five years of progress: Reflections of the NVRI directors 1973 to 1998',
Clinical and Experimental Optometry, vol. 82, pp. 137 - 155,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1444-0938.1999.tb06791.x1999
Stöger T; Augusteyn RC; Graw J, 1997, 'The cryner element in the murine γ-crystallin promoters interacts with lens proteins',
Ophthalmic Research, vol. 29, pp. 161 - 171,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/0002680111997
Loutas J; Stevens A; Howlett GJ; Augusteyn RC, 1996, 'The effect of concentration on the structure of α-crystallin',
Experimental Eye Research, vol. 62, pp. 613 - 620,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/exer.1996.00721996
Krausz E; Augusteyn RC; Quinlan RA; Reddan JR; Russell P; Sax CM; Graw J, 1996, 'Expression of crystallins, Pax6, Filensin, CP49, MIP, and MP20 in lens- derived cell lines', Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, vol. 37, pp. 2120 - 2128
1996
Pierscionek BK; Augusteyn RC, 1995, 'The refractive index and protein distribution in the blue eye trevally lens.', Journal of the American Optometric Association, vol. 66, pp. 739 - 743
1995
Augusteyn RC; Chandrasekher G; Ghiggino KP; Vassett P, 1994, 'Probing the microenvironments of tryptophan residues in the monomeric crystallins of the bovine lens',
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Protein Structure and Molecular, vol. 1205, pp. 89 - 96,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-4838(94)90096-51994
Augusteyn RC; Ghiggino KP; Putilina T, 1993, 'Studies on the location of aromatic amino acids in a-crystallin',
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Protein Structure and Molecular, vol. 1162, pp. 61 - 71,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-4838(93)90128-E1993
Schurtenberger P; Augusteyn RC, 1991, 'Structural properties of polydisperse biopolymer solutions: A light scattering study of bovine α‐crystallin',
Biopolymers, vol. 31, pp. 1229 - 1240,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.3603110111991
Winzor DJ; Stevens A; Augusteyn RC, 1989, 'Evaluation of equilibrium constants from precipitin curves: Interaction of α-crystallin with an elicited monoclonal antibody',
Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, vol. 268, pp. 221 - 226,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-9861(89)90583-31989
Clauwaert J; Ellerton HD; Koretz JF; Thomson K; Augusteyn RC, 1989, 'The effect of temperature on the renaturation of αcrystallin',
Current Eye Research, vol. 8, pp. 397 - 403,
http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/027136889089963871989
Thomson JA; Augusteyn RC, 1989, 'On the structure of α-crystallin: Construction of hybrid molecules and homopolymers',
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Protein Structure and Molecular, vol. 994, pp. 246 - 252,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-4838(89)90300-21989
Pierscionek B; Augusteyn RC, 1988, 'Protein distribution patterns in concentric layers from single bovine lenses: Changes with development and ageing',
Current Eye Research, vol. 7, pp. 11 - 23,
http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/027136888090470151988
Augusteyn RC; Putilina T; Seifert R, 1988, 'Quenching of tryptophan fluorescence in bovine Lens proteins by acrylamide and iodide',
Current Eye Research, vol. 7, pp. 237 - 245,
http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/027136888090470281988
1987, 'On the interaction of α-crystallin and αB chains', Lens Research, vol. 4, pp. 1 - 9
1987
Augusteyn RC; Hum TP; Putilin TP; Thomson JA, 1987, 'The location of sulphydryl groups in α-crystallin',
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Protein Structure and Molecular, vol. 915, pp. 132 - 139,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-4838(87)90133-61987
Augusteyn RC; Boyd A; Pierscionek-Balcerzak B; Thomson J, 1985, 'Ageing studied in single lenses', Atti della Fondazione Giorgio Ronchi, vol. 40, pp. 495 - 502
1985
1985, 'Reconstructing normal α-crystallin from the modified cataractous protein',
Australian Journal of Experimental Biology and Medical Science, vol. 63, pp. 563 - 571,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/icb.1985.601985
Thomson JA; Augusteyn RC, 1984, 'On the structure of α(m)-crystallin. The reversibility of urea dissociation', Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 259, pp. 4339 - 4345
1984
Truscott RJW; Faull K; Augusteyn RC, 1977, 'The identification of anthranilic acid in proteolytic digests of cataractous lens proteins',
Ophthalmic Research, vol. 9, pp. 263 - 268,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/0002648941977
1976, 'The reaction of lens proteins and amino acids with 1,4 benzoquinone', Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 20, pp. 457 - 465
1976
Augusteyn RC, 1974, 'Human lens albuminoid', Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 18, pp. 127 - 134
1974
1971, '-Crystallin. Fractionation of subunits and sequence studies on an isolated polypeptide.',
The Biochemical journal, vol. 124, pp. 345 - 355,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj12403451971
Spector A; Freund T; Li LK; Augusteyn RC, 1971, 'Age-dependent changes in the structure of alpha crystallin.', Investigative ophthalmology, vol. 10, pp. 677 - 686
1971
Spector A; Li LK; Augusteyn RC; Schneider A; Freund T, 1971, '-Crystallin. The isolation and characterization of distinct macromolecular fractions.',
The Biochemical journal, vol. 124, pp. 337 - 343,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj12403371971
Mohamed A; Durkee H; Augusteyn RC; Urs R; Hernandez V; Bernal A; Manns F; Ho A; Parel J-M; Sangwan VS; Asafali AM, 2014, 'Digital mini-shadowphotogrammetric system for morphometric analysis of ex-vivo crystalline lenses: Pilot study on human lenses', in
Digital mini-shadowphotogrammetric system for morphometric analysis of ex-vivo crystalline lenses: Pilot study on human lenses, ARVO 2014 Annual Meeting, Orlando, Florida, USA, pp. 747 - 747, presented at ARVO 2014 Annual Meeting, Orlando, Florida, USA, 04 May 2014 - 08 May 2014,
http://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2272262&resultClick=12014
Mohamed A; Nankivil D; Taneja M; Manns F; Pesala V; Vaddavalli P; Ho A; Sangwan V; Augusteyn R; Parel J-M; Asafali AM, 2011, 'Mechanical Properties of Human Lens Capsule Assessed Ex Vivo in a Lens Stretcher', in
Mechanical Properties of Human Lens Capsule Assessed Ex Vivo in a Lens Stretcher, ARVO 2011 Annual Meeting, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA, pp. 3407 - 3407, presented at ARVO 2011 Annual Meeting, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA, 01 May 2011 - 05 May 2011,
http://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2354981&resultClick=12011
Mohamed A; Sangwan V; Kumar A; Garrett Q; Parel J-M; Augusteyn R; Asafali AM, 2010, 'Lens Growth in the Indian Population', in Lens Growth in the Indian Population, ARVO 2010 Annual Meeting, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA, presented at ARVO 2010 Annual Meeting, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA, 02 May 2010 - 06 May 2010
2010
Augusteyn RC, 2006, 'Growth of the human eye lens', in Frank R (ed.), ARVO 2006 Annual Meeting, ARVO 2006: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, pp. 2536 - 2536, presented at ARVO 2006: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
2006
Borja D; Rosen A; Augusteyn RC; Manns F; Parel J, 2006, 'Equivalent refractive index of postmortem cynomolgus monkey crystalline lenses', in Frank R (ed.), ARVO 2006 Annual Meeting, ARVO 2006: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, pp. 1209 - 1209, presented at ARVO 2006: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
2006
Chen J; Augusteyn RC; Ho A, 2006, 'Predicting the Influence of Lens Refilling Gel and Capsule Properties on Accommodation by Finite Element Analysis', in Frank R (ed.), ARVO 2006 Annual Meeting, ARVO 2006: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, pp. 5862 - 5862, presented at ARVO 2006: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
2006
Ho A; Augusteyn RC; Manns F, 2006, 'Modelling the influence on accommodation of the gradient mechanical properties of the crystalline lens', in SPIE 2006: Photonics West, SPIE 2006: Photonics West, San Jose, California USA, pp. 1 - 1, presented at SPIE 2006: Photonics West, San Jose, California USA
2006
Lamar P; Parel J; Acosta AC; Denham D; Milazzo S; Manns F; Augusteyn RC; Yoo S, 2005, 'Morphology assesment of crystalline, IOL implanted, and refilled lenses with and without stretching. Prevention of anterior and posterior capsular opacification', in American Journal of Ophthalmology, Elsevier Science Inc, New York, NY, USA, presented at SERI-ARVO 2005 Conference, Singapore
2005
Parel J; Acosta AC; Denham D; Manns F; Ziebarth N; Orozco M; Borja D; Augusteyn RC; Ho A; Holden BA, 2005, 'Elastic characteristics of human and primates lens capsules assessed ex vivo', in Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Association of Research Vision Ophthalmology Inc, Rockville, MD, USA, presented at ARVO 2005: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
2005
Parel J; Billotte C; Lamar P; Fragoso M; Acosta AC; Orozco M; Augusteyn RC; Yoo S, 2005, 'Prevention of anterior and posterior capsular opacification', in American Journal of Ophthalmology, Elsevier Science Inc, New York, NY, USA, presented at SERI-ARVO 2005 Conference, Singapore
2005
Ho A; Chen J; Augusteyn RC; Evans SG; Parel J, 2005, 'Predicting the influence of gel properties on the restoring accommodation of a refilled crystalline lens', in Optometry and Vision Science, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, presented at 82: E-Abstract 050032 American Academy of Optometry, San Diego, Californa, USA
2005
Jalbert I; Augusteyn RC; Stapleton FJ, 2005, 'The effect of atmospheric composition and hydrostatic pressure on keratocyte viability: preliminary experiments', in
Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Association of Research Vision Ophthalmology Inc, Rockville, MD, USA, presented at ARVO 2005: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Fort Lauderdale, Florida,
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000227980402305&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=891bb5ab6ba270e68a2005
Parel J; Manns F; Denham D; Acosta AC; Yamamoto H; Billotte C; Fernandez V; Abri A; Lamar P; Ziebarth N; Orozco M; Borja D; Hughes TM; Ho A; Augusteyn RC; Ehrmann K; Yoo S; Holden BA, 2005, 'Restoring accommodation: Lens capsule refilling (Phaco-Ersatz) vs accommodating IOLs', in American Journal of Ophthalmology, Elsevier Science Inc, New York, NY, USA, presented at SERI-ARVO 2005 Conference, Singapore
2005
Denham D; Borja D; Regev G; Ziebarth N; Augusteyn RC; Ho A; Manns F; Holden BA; Parel J, 2005, 'Human and monkey ex vivo lens biometry using shadowphotogrammetry', in Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Association of Research Vision Ophthalmology Inc, Rockville, MD, USA, presented at ARVO 2005: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
2005
Lamar P; Acosta AC; Lee ; Manns F; Orozco M; Augusteyn RC; Ho A; Decker S; Holden BA; Parel J, 2005, 'Zonular architecture of the crystalline lens examined ex vivo in a lens stretcher', in Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Association of Research Vision Ophthalmology Inc, Rockville, MD, USA, presented at ARVO 2005: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
2005
Rosen A; Denham D; Manns F; Fernandez V; Augusteyn RC; Parel J, 2003, 'Shadow photogrammic method of assessing changes in physical lens dimensions during immersion in tissue preservation media', in Manns F; Soderberg P; Ho A (eds.), Photonics West, Photonics West, San Jose, pp. 37 - 37, presented at Photonics West, San Jose, 25 January 2003 - 31 January 2003
2003
Denham D; Manns F; Fernandez V; Stoiber J; Parel J; Augusteyn RC; Rosen A, 2003, 'Assessing changes inphysical lens dimensions during immersion in tissue preservation media using shadowphotogrammetry', in
BioMEMS and Nanotechology II, Proceedings of SPIE, San Jose, California USA, pp. 42 - 47, presented at SPIE 2003: Photonics West, San Jose, California USA, 25 January 2003 - 26 January 2003,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.4823742003
Rosen A; Denham D; Manns F; Fernandez V; Stoiber J; Augusteyn RC; Ho A; Parel J, 2003, 'Shape of ex-vivo primate lenses in relation to temperature and post mortem time', in Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Association of Research Vision Ophthalmology Inc, Rockville, MD, USA, pp. 246 - 246, presented at ARVO 2003: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, 01 May 2003 - 09 May 2003
2003
Augusteyn RC, 2003, 'Revisiting alpha-crystallin', in Abraham Spector International Symposium (ed.), Abraham Spector International Symposium, Abraham Spector International Symposium, New York, presented at Abraham Spector International Symposium, New York, 11 October 2003 - 13 October 2003
2003
Jobling AI; Augusteyn RC, 1999, 'Steroid protein adducts and cataracts', in Australian and New Zealand Journal of Ophthalmology, Blackwell Science Asia, South Carlton, Australia, presented at Australasian Ophthalmic and Visual Sciences Meeting 1999, ANU, Canberra
1999
Augusteyn RC; Cannon JF; Maroudas P, 1998, 'Aggregation and polymerization of a-crystallin subunits', in Experimental Eye Research, Academic Press Ltd Elsevier Science Ltd, London, England, pp. 144 - 144, presented at 13th International Congress of Eye Research, Paris, France
1998
Augusteyn RC; Jobling AI, 1998, 'The lenticular glucocorticoid receptor', in Experimental Eye Research, Academic Press Ltd Elsevier Science Ltd, London, England, pp. 143 - 143, presented at 13th International Congress of Eye Research, Paris, France
1998
Augusteyn RC; Cannon JF; Maroudas P, 1998, 'The role of domains in the assembly and function of a-crystallin', in Name of Conference 1998, Name of Conference 1998, pp. p29, Korea, presented at Name of Conference 1998
1998
Augusteyn RC; Jobling AI, 1998, 'The lenticular glucocorticoid receptor', in Name of Conference 1998, Name of Conference 1998, pp. p83, Korea, presented at Name of Conference 1998
1998
Pierscionek BK; Augusteyn RC, 1991, 'Structure/function relationship between optics and biochemistry of the lens', in Lens and Eye Toxicity Research, pp. 229 - 243
1991